Pa Okutobala 15, Cochrane Collaboration (Cochrane Collaboration, yomwe pambuyo pake imatchedwa Cochrane), bungwe lovomerezeka padziko lonse lapansi lazamankhwala ozikidwa pa umboni, lidawonetsa mu kafukufuku wawo waposachedwa kuti zazikulu 50 zidachitika pa osuta achikulire oposa 10,000 padziko lonse lapansi zinatsimikizira kuti ndudu za e-fodya zimakhala ndi zotsatira za kusiya kusuta, komanso zotsatira za chithandizo chokhazikika cha nikotini ndi njira zina.
Cochrane akufotokoza kuti zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito chikonga cha e-fodya kuti musiye kusuta ndi bwino kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala obwezeretsa chikonga ndi ndudu za e-fodya zomwe zimapatula chikonga.
Pulofesa Peter Hajek, wolemba nawo buku la Cochrane review komanso mkulu wa Tobacco Dependence Research Group ku Queen Mary University of London, anati: “Kufotokoza kwatsopano kumeneku kwa ndudu za e-fodya kumasonyeza kuti kwa anthu ambiri osuta fodya, ndudu za e-fodya ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu amene amasuta fodya. kusiya kusuta.Ndikofunikiranso kuzindikira kuti, Kwa zaka ziwiri, palibe maphunziro awa omwe adapeza umboni uliwonse wosonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu zamagetsi kunavulaza anthu.
Poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena, chikonga cha e-fodya chimakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chosiya kusuta.
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1993, Cochrane ndi bungwe lopanda phindu lotchedwa kukumbukira Archiebald L. Cochrane, yemwe anayambitsa mankhwala ozikidwa pa umboni.Ndilonso bungwe lodziyimira pawokha lodziyimira pawokha lazachipatala padziko lonse lapansi.Pakadali pano, ili ndi anthu odzipereka opitilira 37,000 m'maiko opitilira 170.Mmodzi.
Zomwe zimatchedwa mankhwala ozikidwa pa umboni, ndiko kuti, mankhwala ozikidwa pa umboni wosasinthasintha, ndi wosiyana ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe ozikidwa pa mankhwala ovomerezeka.Zosankha zazikulu zachipatala ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa paumboni wabwino kwambiri wa kafukufuku wasayansi.Choncho, kafukufuku wamankhwala wozikidwa pa umboni adzachitanso mayesero akuluakulu achipatala omwe amawongoleredwa mwachisawawa, kuwunika mwadongosolo, kusanthula meta, ndiyeno kugawanitsa mulingo waumboni womwe umapezeka molingana ndi miyezo, yomwe ndi yolimba kwambiri.
Mu kafukufukuyu, Cochrane adapeza maphunziro 50 ochokera kumayiko 13 kuphatikiza United States ndi United Kingdom, okhudza osuta achikulire 12,430.Zasonyezedwa kuti pogwiritsira ntchito chikonga m’malo mwa mankhwala (monga zigamba za chikonga, chingamu cha nicotine) kapena magiredi afodya a e-fodya omwe samaphatikizapo chikonga, anthu ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito chikonga cha e-fodya kuti asiye kusuta kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Bungwe la Reuters linanena zotsatira za kufufuza kwatsatanetsatane kwa Cochrane kuti: “Kupenda kumeneku kunapeza: cholembedwa mu chingamu kapena chigamba, ndudu ya e-fodya imathandiza kwambiri kuleka kusuta.”
Mwachindunji ku deta, yowerengedwa mwatsatanetsatane, 10 mwa anthu 100 aliwonse omwe amasiya kusuta pogwiritsa ntchito nicotine e-ndudu akhoza kusiya kusuta;mwa anthu 100 aliwonse omwe anasiya kugwiritsa ntchito chikonga m'malo mwa mankhwala kapena ndudu za e-fodya zomwe zimapatula chikonga, anthu a 6 okha angathe kusiya kusuta fodya, poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena, chikonga e-fodya ali ndi mlingo wapamwamba wosiya.
Nkhaniyi, mmodzi wa alembi a mwachidule, Pulofesa Caitlin Notley wa Norwich School of Medicine ya University of East Anglia ku UK, anati: “Imodzi mwa njira zogwira mtima kwambiri ndi zogwiritsiridwa ntchito mofala kuthandiza anthu kuleka kusuta ndiyo kuthetsa kusuta— zofuna zogwirizana.Ndudu za e-fodya ndi chikonga ndi zomata Wothandizira ndi wosiyana.Imatsanzira zochitika za kusuta ndipo ingapereke chikonga kwa osuta, koma sichimawonetsa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi ena ku utsi wa fodya wamba.
Chigwirizano cha sayansi pa ndudu za e-fodya ndikuti ngakhale ndudu za e-fodya zilibe chiopsezo, ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa ndudu.“Gulu la Cochrane Fodya Lokonda Kusuta” linanena kuti “umboni umene ulipo ukusonyeza kuti ndudu za e-fodya ndi zinthu zina zoloŵa m’malo za chikonga zimawonjezera mwaŵi wa kuleka chipambano cha kusuta.”Jamie Hartmann-Boyce adatero.Iyenso ndi mmodzi mwa olemba akuluakulu a kafukufuku waposachedwapa.
Maphunziro angapo amatsimikizira: Anthu 1.3 miliyoni ku UK asiya kusuta ndi ndudu za e-fodya.
M'malo mwake, kuwonjezera pa Cochrane, mabungwe ambiri ovomerezeka azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi asinthidwa kukhala mutu woyenera wa "kusiya kusuta fodya kwa e-fodya bwino" pamagawo osiyanasiyana.
Ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya New York ku United States apeza kuti poyerekeza ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe sanagwiritsepo ndudu za e-fodya, kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu za tsiku ndi tsiku kungathandize osuta fodya kwa nthawi yochepa.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chatha, kafukufuku wodziimira pa University College London (University College London) adanena kuti e-fodya imathandiza 50,000 kwa 70,000 ogwiritsa ndudu ku UK kuti asiye kusuta chaka chilichonse.Lipoti laposachedwapa la Dipatimenti Yoona za Umoyo wa Anthu ku United Kingdom limasonyezanso kuti anthu osachepera 1.3 miliyoni asiya kusuta chifukwa cha ndudu za e-fodya.
Zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe zinafalitsidwa ndi University College London mu nyuzipepala yapadziko lonse yamaphunziro yotchedwa Addiction inanena kuti ndudu za e-fodya zathandiza osachepera 50,000 osuta ku Britain kuti asiye kusuta bwino chaka chimodzi.
Ponena za nkhawa za anthu za kuopsa kwa ndudu za e-fodya, John Britton, Pulofesa Emeritus of Respiratory Medicine pa yunivesite ya Nottingham, UK, anati: "Kukhudzidwa kwa nthawi yaitali pa chitetezo cha ndudu za e-fodya kumafuna kutsimikiziridwa kwa nthawi yaitali, koma umboni wonse tsopano ukusonyeza kuti zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za ndudu za e-fodya ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa ndudu.”
Zaka ziwiri zisanachitike komanso zitatha, palibe umboni womwe unapezeka kuti ndudu zamagetsi zimawononga thupi la munthu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-14-2021